2023年12月7日 星期四

詩詞裡的藥草--藿香(Agastache rugosa)

鮑照《擬行路難十八首》原詩的第三首,其中出現了"采芳藿",藿香。大家所熟悉的藿香正氣散,就是用"藿香"來取名,此方以藿香為主藥,其功效能正「不正之氣」。所謂不正之氣,即指脾胃功能紊亂,發生嘔吐腹瀉。《本草正義》關於藿香的作用,提到:「藿香,清分微溫,善理中州濕濁痰涎,為醒脾快胃、振動消陽妙品…芳香能助中州清氣,勝濕闢穢,故為暑濕時令要藥。」

這首詩描寫住處、衣著的華麗和自然景物的優美,反襯女子內心的苦痛。最後以雙鳧、別鶴為喻,形象生動地表達了對愛情的嚮往。



璇閨玉墀上椒閣,文窗繡戶垂羅幕。 

中有一人字金蘭,被服纖羅采芳藿。 

春燕差池風散梅,開幃對景弄禽爵。

含歌攬涕恒抱愁,人生幾時得為樂。 

寧作野中之雙鳧,不願雲間之別鶴。

                                             —南北朝·鮑照--節錄自《擬行路難十八首》

On the jade courtyard, 'neath the peppered pavilion,
Silken windows, embroidered doors, hang with gauzy screens.
Amidst it all, a person named Jinlan,
Draped in fine silk, gathers fragrant patchouli.

Spring swallows skim the pond, breezes scatter plum blossoms,
Unfurling curtains reveal a picturesque scene, birds frolic in delight.
With a song in my heart, and tears in my grasp,
How long must one endure sorrow, and when will joy come at last?

Rather be a pair of ducks in the wild,
Than a parted crane in the clouds so vast.

(Note: This is a poetic interpretation and may not fully capture the nuanced beauty of the original Chinese poem.)

現在使用的廣藿香(Pogostemon Cablin)除了藥用,廣藿香精油也有很好的定香作用。

💧藿香跟廣藿香的簡單比較:
特徵藿香(Agastache rugosa)廣藿香(Pogostemon cablin)
科屬唇形科 (Lamiaceae)唇形科 (Lamiaceae)
俗名韓國薄荷,大紫薄荷 (Purple Giant Hyssop)廣藿香 (Patchouli)
原產地東亞,包括韓國 (East Asia, including Korea)東南亞,尤其是印尼和菲律賓(Southeast Asia, particularly in Indonesia and the Philippines)
生長習性多年生草本植物 (Herbaceous perennial)多年生草本灌木 (Herbaceous perennial shrub)
高度約2至3英尺(60-90厘米)Approximately 2 to 3 feet (60-90 cm)可達2至3英尺(60-90厘米) Can reach 2 to 3 feet (60-90 cm)
葉子有鋸齒,卵形,有香味的葉子 (Toothed, ovate, aromatic leaves)大,芬芳,有毛的葉子 (Large, fragrant, hairy leaves)
氣味帶有薄荷和茴香的味道 (Minty, with hints of anise)土壤味,甜味,稍微辛辣 (Earthy, sweet, and slightly spicy)
花朵顏色紫色至薰衣草色 (Purple to lavender)白色至淺粉色 (White to pale pink)
花期晚夏至初秋 (Late summer to early fall)晚秋至初春 (Late fall to early spring)
用途烹飪(香草)和觀賞 (Culinary - aromatic herb and ornamental)提取精油,常用於香水和芳香療法(Essential oil extraction, commonly used in perfumery and aromatherapy)
化學成分富含精油,主要包含莰酮和草芥子醚(Rich in essential oils, primarily containing linalool and estragole)廣藿香油,含有廣藿香醇,α-白葉烯等化合物(Patchouli oil, containing patchoulol, α-bulnesene, and other compounds)
藥用性質在東亞醫學中傳統上用於治療消化和呼吸問題(Traditional uses in East Asian medicine for digestive and respiratory issues)在芳香療法中傳統上用於放鬆和治療皮膚狀況(Traditional uses in aromatherapy for relaxation and skin conditions)

請注意,這裡提供的信息是一般性的,具體的特徵可能會根據生長條件和地區變化。為獲取最準確和最新的信息,請參考可靠的植物學資料或諮詢專家。

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